Symptoms of Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) do not need to be severe to impact day-to-day living. Even concussions or mild TBI can affect how you think, act, or even feel. It is important to get medical treatment if you think you have a TBI, even if you don’t think it is severe.

Mild TBI or concussion symptoms include:

  • Headaches.
  • Vision problems.
  • Dizziness.
  • Trouble remembering or thinking clearly.
  • Anxiety.
  • Irritability.
  • Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much.

Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Mild TBI and Concussion web page for a complete list of symptoms. These symptoms may not appear right away. You might start to feel these symptoms weeks after you are injured.

Adult with vertigo holds onto wall to steady themself

Moderate or severe TBI symptoms include:

  • Trouble with cognitive tasks like thinking, learning, and communicating.
  • Trouble remembering.
  • Changes or problems with physical movement, balance, and hearing or seeing.
  • Emotional changes like anger, anxiety, sadness, or depression.
  • Personality changes.

Many of these symptoms can also occur with a mild TBI or concussion. However, severe TBI symptoms may be more intense and last much longer, even for life. Visit the CDC’s About Potential Effects of a Moderate or Severe TBI web page to learn more.

An older adult has trouble remembering while sitting on sofa with his head in his hand.

Where can someone find support after a TBI?

The impacts of TBI can last for a long time after the initial injury. Because TBIs damage the brain, they can impact your ability to effectively work or attend school. The following organizations are available to offer resources and support after a TBI:

Doctor holding clipboard with papers discussing medical form with patient

Glossary

 
Last revised March 4, 2026