Traumatic Brain Injury

A Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a brain injury caused by an outside force. A blow to the head, a bump, or jolt to the head or body can cause it, although not all bumps or jolts to the head cause a TBI. An object entering the brain can also cause a TBI. TBIs are sometimes called brain injuries or head injuries. TBIs can be serious injuries that negatively affect how the brain works and can make everyday tasks more difficult.

In 2023, TBIs were involved in nearly 13,300 emergency department visits, over 4,260 non-fatal hospitalizations, and about 1,500 deaths occurred among Wisconsin residents.

Facts about TBIs

Person with headache sitting on a sofa

Learn more about the causes of TBI and the groups at increased risk.

Symptoms of TBI

Upset adult receiving support from another adult and a teen outside.

Learn the signs of TBI and where to find support after a TBI.

Preventing TBIs

A portrait of a young child wearing a helmet and a pair of sunglasses on a bicycle.

Learn about statewide prevention efforts and ways to avoid TBIs.

Glossary

 
Last revised March 4, 2026