Past Outbreaks in Wisconsin

Recall information

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recall announcement for Diamond Shruumz-brand chocolate bars, infused cones, and gummies. More information about the recall and a full list of recalled products can be found on the FDA webpage.

About the investigation

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP) and federal partners at the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigated reports of severe illnesses associated with consuming Diamond Shruumz-brand chocolate bars, cones, and gummies. These products contain a proprietary blend of mushrooms and are sold online and at retailers nationwide.

On June 12, 2024, the CDC released a Health Advisory regarding reports of severe illness associated with Diamond Shruumz-brand products. As of October 31, 2024, 180 total illnesses, including 73 hospitalizations, were reported in 34 U.S. states. There were three (3) potentially associated deaths.

People who became ill from eating Diamond Shruumz-brand products reported a variety of severe symptoms including:

• Seizures
• Loss of consciousness
• Confusion
• Sleepiness
• Abnormal heart rates
• High or low blood pressure
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Retailers should not sell or distribute any of these products and should hold the products until further direction is given by the FDA.

People who became ill after eating these products should talk to their health care provider or seek medical care if actively experiencing symptoms. Wisconsinites can also call the Wisconsin Poison Center at 800-222-1222 to report symptoms. Anyone who has previously purchased these items should check their homes for remaining products and throw them away if found.

Health care providers should have a high index of suspicion for severe illness in a person who recently reports consuming any of these products and presents with adverse effects. Health care providers may consult with a toxicologist by calling the Wisconsin Poison Center at 800-222-1222 and are asked to report compatible illnesses to the Wisconsin Poison Center or directly to the FDA by completing an online MedWatch Voluntary Reporting form.

The investigation into these illnesses has been closed by FDA. Wisconsin residents can learn more about this recall on the FDA webpage.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is reporting a significant increase in cases of pertussis, also known as whooping cough, across Wisconsin. Data in the state, and nationally, shows that cases are now similar to pre-pandemic levels. To prevent the spread and protect against severe symptoms or hospitalization, DHS urges Wisconsinites to make sure they and their children are up to date on their pertussis vaccine, and to take other steps to stay healthy.

As of January 10, 2025, DHS has received reports of 2,527 confirmed cases of pertussis. Seventy-one counties have had at least one case since January 1, 2024. While the age of people diagnosed with pertussis ranges from 1 month to 90 years, approximately half (49%) of the cases are in individuals aged 11 to 18 years. One hundred infants have been identified with pertussis and 14 have been hospitalized. No deaths have been reported.

What are the symptoms of pertussis?
At first, a person with whooping cough may seem like they have a cold. Early symptoms include:

• Low‐grade fever.
• Slight cough.

After about a week, the cough gets worse. The cough causes other symptoms, such as:

• Difficulty breathing.
• Needing to take a deep breath that makes a “whoop” sound.
• Vomiting.

Babies may not have a cough. Instead, they may stop breathing for several seconds, called apnea. Or they may look like they are gasping for air. Babies are at greatest risk for getting pertussis and then having serious complications from it, including death. That’s why it’s important that pregnant people and everyone around the baby are up to date with their pertussis vaccines.

What to do if you think you have pertussis
It is very important to treat whooping cough early. If you or someone you know experiences symptoms of pertussis, stay home and call your health care provider and follow their instructions. Severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, need immediate medical care.
How to stay protected against pertussis

The best way to prevent pertussis, or reduce the severity of symptoms, is to stay up to date on the recommended pertussis vaccination. People of all ages need the pertussis vaccine. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) recommends different vaccines against pertussis for different age groups.

• Children should receive five doses of the DTap vaccine from age 2 months to 6 years.
• Adolescents from 11–12 years old should receive one dose of Tdap vaccine.
• Adults who have never had a pertussis vaccine should receive one dose of the Tdap vaccine.
• Pregnant people should receive Tdap between 27 to 36 weeks during each pregnancy to protect the newborn before they are old enough to get the DTap vaccine.

Wisconsin residents can find their immunization records using the Wisconsin Immunization Registry (WIR). Instructions are available in English, Spanish, and Hmong. If you are unable to access your records, contact your doctor's office or your local health department.

For Wisconsin residents who do not have health insurance, or whose insurance may not cover vaccines, the Vaccines for Children and Vaccines for Adults programs may be able to help.

Taking the following daily actions can also help stop the spread of germs:

• Wash your hands often with soap and water for 20 seconds.
• Avoid touching your nose, eyes, and mouth.
• Stay home and away from others if you feel sick.
• Avoid being around others who are sick.
• Cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze and encourage children to do the same.

Visit the DHS Pertussis webpage for more information.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), along with the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), local health departments, and federal partners, worked to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to cucumbers.

• The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reported 113 illnesses in 23 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella. Twenty-eight people were hospitalized and there were no deaths reported.
• Wisconsin had 13 cases linked to this outbreak.

Recall information

Multiple companies recalled cucumbers and other food items containing recalled cucumbers. The cucumbers and products containing recalled cucumbers should not longer be for sale.

Advice to consumers

Follow these four food safety steps to prevent getting sick with Salmonella.

• Clean: Wash hands, utensils, and surfaces often. Rinse fruits and vegetables before eating, cutting, or peeling.
• Separate: Keep food that won't be cooked separate from raw meat, poultry, and seafood.
• Cook: Use a food thermometer to make sure you have cooked your food to a temperature high enough to kill germs.
• Chill: Refrigerate perishable food (food that goes bad) within two hours. If the food is exposed to temperature above 90°F (like a hot car or picnic), refrigerate it within 1 hour. Thaw food in the refrigerator, not on the counter.

Symptoms of Salmonella

• Diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps are the most common symptoms of Salmonella.
• Symptoms will usually start six hours and six days after swallowing the bacteria.
• Most people will recover without treatment in four to seven days.
• Children younger than 5 years, adults 65 years and older, and people with weakened immune systems may experience more severe illness that require medical treatment or hospitalization.

See the Food and Drug Administration and CDC webpages for more information and to stay up to date on other foodborne outbreaks and recalls.

FDA: Outbreak of Salmonella: Cucumbers (November 2024)

FDA: 2024 Recalled of Food Products Associated with American/Slicer Whole Cucumbers grown by Agrotato, S.A. de C.V. in Sonora, Mexico due to the Potential Risk of Salmonella

CDC: About Salmonella infection

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), along with the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), local health departments, and federal partners worked to investigate a confirmed human case of High Pathogenic Avian Influenza A or HPAI A(H5N1), also known as bird flu.

• On December 12, 2024, DATCP confirmed a case of High Pathogenic Avian Influenza A or HPAI A(H5N1) in a commercial poultry flock in Barron County, Wisconsin.
• On December 18, 2024, DHS received report of a presumptive positive case of HPAI A(H5N1) in a farm worker of Barron County, Wisconsin. DHS is actively coordinating with Barron County Health and Human Services, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene (WSLH), and DATCP to identify and monitor those who may have been exposed.
• On December 20, 2024, DHS received test results from the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) on specimens collected from the presumptive positive human case of HPAI A(H5). Results of the test confirm HPAI A(H5), and the case will now be reported to the CDC as a confirmed human case of HPAI A(H5).
• According to the CDC, the current HPAI A(H5N1) situation continues to pose a low risk to general community members. HPAI viruses do not pose a food safety risk. Properly cooking meat and eggs to the recommended internal temperature of 165˚F kills HPAI viruses, as does pasteurizing milk.

About HPAI A(H5N1) in animals

Wild birds, especially waterfowl, can become infected with HPAI and may show no signs of infection. When the wild birds migrate, they have the potential to spread HPAI to other birds and animals. To prevent the spread of HPAI and other diseases to people and domestic animals, Wisconsinites and their pets should avoid touching sick or injured wild birds or mammals. It is important to avoid any wild animal that is behaving abnormally. Abnormal behavior includes:

• Pacing or walking in circles,
• Unbalanced posture, or
• Head and body tremors.

DATCP continues to urge all livestock owners to implement strong biosecurity measures to protect their flocks and herds from the disease. This includes:

• Washing hands
• Disinfecting equipment
• Restricting access to animals
• Separating new additions to the flock or herd for at least 30 days.

Poultry owners are asked, when possible, to keep their birds indoors.

To report increased mortality or signs of illness among domestic birds, dairy cattle, or other animals, contact DATCP at 608- 224-4872 during business hours or 800-943-0003 after hours and weekends.

For updates on how the virus is affecting domestic birds in Wisconsin, and to find resources on protecting Wisconsin poultry, visit DATCP’s HPAI in Poultry.

About HPAI in people

HPAI viruses are a form of influenza that primarily affects birds. In rare circumstances, HPAI viruses can infect humans when prolonged close contact with infected birds or other animals occurs. No widespread person-to-person transmission of HPAI viruses has occurred. The sporadic HPAI cases that have occurred have ranged in severity from no symptoms to mild illness to severe disease that resulted in death.

Recommendations to the public

Viruses that spread from animals to people have the potential to mutate or combine with human influenza viruses to become more infectious variants. This is why public health measures to prevent the spread of HPAI to people are so important.

• Everyone 6 months and older should get the flu vaccine every year to protect themselves against seasonal flu.
• As a general precaution, people should avoid close contact with sick animals. People who have had contact with infected or sick animals should monitor for flu-like symptoms, seek medical care if they feel sick, and tell their health care provider that they had contact with infected animals.
• Anyone involved in poultry or livestock production, even those with small operations, should evaluate their biosecurity measures to assure the health of their animals and their workers.
• Whenever possible, people should avoid direct contact with wild birds and other wildlife and observe them only from a distance. People should also avoid touching any wild animals showing signs of HPAI and not touch dead birds or wildlife with their bare hands. If touching dead animals is necessary, wear gloves or use a plastic bag to put it in the garbage. People should wash their hands with soap and water and throw away any gloves after disposing of dead birds or wildlife. Contact the DNR to report any sick or dead wildlife.

Additional resources

• DHS: Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus
• DATCP: Avian Influenza
• CDC: Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)
• CDC: H5 Bird Flu Current Situation Summary

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), along with the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), local health departments, and federal partners, worked to investigate a multistate outbreak of Listeria infections linked to meats sliced at delis.

• The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reported 61 cases in 19 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Listeria. Sixty people were hospitalized and 10 deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had at least one laboratory confirmed case linked to this outbreak

Recall information

See the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) website to see all products recalled related to this outbreak.

Advice to consumers

• Do not eat the recalled meat products. Throw them away or return them to where they were purchased.
• If you have any of these products in your refrigerator, you should clean surfaces where the products may have touched.
• If you have symptoms of Listeria infection, contact your health care provider right away.

Advice for retail delis

Retailers should refer to the USDA-FSIS Best Practices Guidance for Controlling Listeria for steps on how to prevent foods from becoming contaminated with Listeria.

About Listeria

Anyone can get sick with Listeria infection, but certain groups are at a higher risk of serious illness including:

• People who are pregnant: Listeria infection can cause pregnancy loss, premature birth, or a life-threatening infection in their newborn
• People who are 65 years or older or who have a weakened immune system: Listeria infection often results in hospitalization and sometimes death.

Symptoms usually begin within two weeks after eating contaminated food but can start as early as the same day or as late as 10 weeks after.

Symptoms include fever, muscle aches, and tiredness. Also, headache, stiff neck, confusion, loss of balance, or seizures.

See the USDA and CDC webpages for more information and to stay up to date on other foodborne outbreaks.

USDA: Boar's Head Provisions Co. Recalls Ready-to-Eat Liverwurst and Other Deli Meat Products Due to Possible Listeria Contamination

USDA: Boar's Head Provisions Co. Expands Recall for Ready-to-Eat Meat and Poultry Products Due to Possible Listeria Contamination

CDC: Listeria Outbreak Linked to Meats Sliced at Delis

CDC: Listeria (Listeriosis)

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), along with the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), local health departments, and federal partners, investigated a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis infections linked to eggs.

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 93 people in 12 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella. Thirty-four were hospitalized and zero deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had at least 60 laboratory-confirmed cases linked to this outbreak.

Recall information

The product in this recall included all egg types such as conventional cage-free, organic, and non-GMO, carton sizes, and expiration dates in containers labeled with "Milo's Poultry Farms" or "Tony's Fresh Market." The recall occurred on September 6, 2024. These eggs are no longer for sale and are outside their shelf life.

Advice to consumers

DHS and CDC continue to urge people to take the following steps:

• Do not eat any recalled eggs. Throw them away.
• Wash items and surfaces that may have touched the recalled eggs using hot soapy water or a dishwasher.
• Follow four food safety steps to prevent getting sick with Salmonella
  • Clean: Wash hands, utensils, and surfaces often.
  • Separate: Keep food that won't be cooked separate from raw meat, poultry, and seafood.
  • Cook: Use a food thermometer to make sure you have cooked your food to a temperature high enough to kill germs.
  • Chill: Refrigerate perishable food (food that goes bad) within 2 hours. If the food is exposed to temperature above 90°F (like a hot car or picnic), refrigerate it within 1 hour. Thaw food in the refrigerator, not on the counter.

Symptoms of Salmonella

• Diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps are the most common symptoms of Salmonella.
• Symptoms will usually start six hours and six days after swallowing the bacteria.
• Most people will recover without treatment in four to seven days.
• Children younger than 5 years, adults 65 years and older, and people with weakened immune systems may experience more severe illness that require medical treatment or hospitalization.

Advice to businesses

• Do not sell or serve recalled eggs.
• Wash and sanitize items and surfaces that may have come in contact with recalled eggs.

See the Food and Drug Administration and CDC webpages for more information and to stay up to date on other foodborne outbreaks and recalls.

FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella: Eggs (Sept 2024)

CDC: Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Eggs

CDC: Salmonella

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella linked to ready to eat charcuterie products containing Coppa.

• According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 104 people in 33 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella. Twenty-seven people were hospitalized and zero deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had two laboratory-confirmed cases linked to this outbreak.

The CDC declared this outbreak to be over on March 28, 2024.

Product and recall information

The products in this recall were sold under several brands and have best before dates through July 6, 2024. To see a full list of recalled products, visit the United States Department of Agriculture charcuterie meat recall website.

DHS and CDC continue to urge people to take the following steps:

• Check your fridge for the recalled products. Throw them away and do not eat them.
• Wash surfaces and containers that may have touched these products using hot soapy water or a dishwasher.
• Always follow four food safety steps to prevent getting sick from Salmonella:
  • Clean: Wash your hands, utensils, and surfaces often.
  • Separate: Keep food that won't be cooked separate from raw meat, poultry, and seafood.
  • Cook: Use a meat thermometer to make sure you have cooked your food to a temperature high enough to kill germs.
  • Chill: Refrigerate perishable food (food that goes bad) within two hours. If the food is exposed to temperatures above 90°F (like a hot car or picnic), refrigerate it within 1 hour. Thaw food in the refrigerator, not on the counter.

What businesses should do

• Do not sell or serve the recalled products.
• Wash and sanitize items and surfaces that may have come in contact with these products.

Symptoms of Salmonella

• Diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps are the most common symptoms of Salmonella.
  • Symptoms usually start six hours to six days after swallowing the germ.
  • Most people recover in four to seven days, without treatment.
• Some groups, like children younger than 5 years, adults 65 years and older, and people with weakened immune systems, may experience more severe illnesses and that require medical treatment and hospitalization.

Resources

See the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other foodborne outbreaks and recalls:

• CDC: Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Charcuterie Meats
• United States Department of Agriculture (USDA): FSIS Issues Public Health Alert for Ready-To-Eat Charcuterie Products Due to Possible Salmonella Contamination
• USDA: Fratelli Beretta USA, Inc. Recalls Busseto Foods Ready-to-Eat Charcuterie Meat Products
• USDA: Fratelli Beretta USA, Inc. Recalls Ready-to-Eat Charcuterie Meat Products Due to Possible Under Processing
• CDC: Salmonella Questions and Answers

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), along with the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), local health departments, and federal partners, is working to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to organic basil.

• As of April 18, 2024, CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reported 12 people in seven states have been infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella.
• Wisconsin has at least one laboratory-confirmed case(s) linked to this outbreak.

Recall information

Infinite Herbs-brand organic basil 2.5-oz. clamshell-style containers

• Sold at Trader Joe’s stores in 29 states. Trader Joe's has pulled this product from stores. It is no longer available for purchase.
• Sold between February 1, 2024 and April 6, 2024.
• Sold at Fruit Center Marketplace stores in Massachusetts.

Melissa's brand fresh organic basil in 2 oz. and 4 oz. containers

• Sold at Dierberg's stores in Illinois and Missouri between February 10 and 20, 2024.
• This product is outdated and no longer available for sale.

Advice to consumers

The Department of Health Services (DHS) and CDC urge people to take the following steps:

• Do not eat any contaminated basil. Check your home for it and throw them away or return them to where you bought them.
• Wash items and surfaces that may have touched the contaminated basil using hot soapy water or a dishwasher.
• Call your health care provider if you have any of these severe Salmonella symptoms:
  • Diarrhea and a fever higher than 102°F
  • Diarrhea for more than three days that is not improving
  • Bloody diarrhea
  • So much vomiting that you cannot keep liquids down
  • Signs of dehydration, such as:
    • Not peeing much
    • Dry mouth and throat
    • Feeling dizzy when standing up

Advice to businesses

• Do not sell or serve contaminated basil.
• Wash and sanitize items and surfaces that may have come in contact with contaminated basil.

See the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls.

CDC: Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Fresh Basil
FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella: Organic Basil (April 2024)
CDC: Salmonella: Questions and Answers

Following a confirmed case of measles, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), in coordination with Public Health Madison & Dane County and Rock County Public Health, are working to identify and directly notify people who may have been exposed to the measles virus.

As of April 29, 2024, one case of measles has been confirmed.

The investigation has identified the following exposure locations in public settings for which a full list of exposed people cannot be obtained.

Individuals who were at the following locations may have been exposed to measles.

• Kwik Trip, 603 W. Madison Ave. Milton, WI, on Sunday April 21, 2024, between 2:30 and 5 p.m.
• SSM Health Dean Medical Group – Janesville, 3200 E. Racine St., Janesville, WI, on Monday, April 22, 2024, between 1 and 5 p.m.
• SSM Health St. Mary’s Hospital – Janesville, 3400 E. Racine St., Janesville, WI, on Tuesday, April 23, 2024 between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m.
• uBreakiFix, 2810 E. Washington Ave., Madison, WI on Monday, April 22, 2024 between 5 and 7:30 p.m.
• Noodles & Company, 110 Limestone Pass, Cottage Grove, WI, on Monday, April 22, 2024 between 5:15 and 7:45 p.m.

What to do if you think you were exposed

People at these locations during those dates and times should check their measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination status as soon as possible. Wisconsin residents can find their immunization records using the Wisconsin Immunization Registry (WIR). Instructions are available in English, Spanish, and Hmong. If you are unable to access your records, please contact your doctor’s office or your local health department.

If you develop any symptoms of measles, stay home (do not go to work, school, shopping, or use public transportation) and call your doctor’s office or clinic before visiting so they can take precautions so that other patients are not exposed to the virus.

What is measles?

Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus. The virus can be spread through the air and through direct contact with persons who are infected. Unvaccinated young children and other non-immune adults are at highest risk of serious disease from measles.

Most Wisconsinites are vaccinated against measles as children, which provides lifetime immunity. The risk of measles transmission in the surrounding communities is considered to be low at this time. However, people who have never been vaccinated and are exposed to a person with measles can spread the virus to others in the community, leading to outbreaks.

The best way to prevent measles is to get vaccinated with the Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine. Two doses of MMR vaccine are about 97% effective at preventing measles; one dose is about 93% effective.

In general, people born before 1957 are considered immune. All other adults without laboratory evidence of immunity should have at least one dose of measles-containing vaccine, and children should have two doses. See the DHS measles webpage for more information about measles and recommended vaccination schedules.

Symptoms of measles generally start 10-12 days after exposure to the virus and include:

• Runny nose
• High fever (may be greater than 104 F)
• Tiredness
• Cough
• Red, watery eyes, or conjunctivitis (“pink eye”)
• A red rash with raised bumps that starts at the hairline and moves to the arms and legs three to five days after symptoms begin

For a full description of measles, see the DHS measles fact sheet, P-42174 available in English, Hmong, Somali, and Spanish, and the DHS measles webpage and CDC measles webpage.

How to get vaccinated

Contact your health care provider to schedule a vaccine appointment. Local health departments can provide MMR vaccine to uninsured adults through the Vaccines for Adults (VFA) program, based on vaccine ability and capacity. The Wisconsin Vaccines for Children Program (VFC) covers the cost of vaccines for eligible children. Check the VFA and VFC webpages for a provider near you.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an FDA alert concerning certain cinnamon products due to presence of elevated levels.

Through product testing, the FDA has determined that the ground cinnamon products listed in the FDA alert contain elevated levels of lead and that prolonged exposure to these products may be unsafe.

FDA recommends that consumers:

• Do not eat, sell, or serve these products.
• Throw away any remaining product.
• Talk with a health care provider if they are concerned about exposure to lead.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), along with the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), local health departments, and federal partners, worked to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to cantaloupe.

• According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 407 people in 44 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella. One hundred fifty-eight people were hospitalized and six deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had 29 laboratory-confirmed cases in 17 counties linked to this outbreak. Nine people were hospitalized and zero deaths were reported.

As of January 19, 2024, CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

Recall information

All recalls that resulted from this investigation are listed on the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) cantaloupe recall website. Recalled cantaloupes are no longer available for sale and the use-by dates have passed

Advice to consumers

DHS and CDC urge people to take the following steps:

Always follow four food safety steps to prevent getting sick from Salmonella:

• Clean: Wash your hands, utensils, and surfaces often.
• Separate: Keep food that won’t be cooked separate from raw meat, poultry, and seafood.
• Cook: Use a food thermometer to make sure you have cooked your food to a temperature high enough to kill germs.
• Chill: Refrigerate perishable food (food that goes bad) within two hours. If the food is exposed to temperatures above 90°F (like a hot car or picnic), refrigerate it within one hour. Thaw food in the refrigerator, not on the counter.

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

CDC: Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Cantaloupes

FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella - Cantaloupes

CDC: Food Safety

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with state and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked to leafy greens.

• According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 19 people in 16 states became infected with the outbreak strain of Listeria. Eighteen people were hospitalized and zero deaths were reported
• Wisconsin had two laboratory-confirmed cases and zero deaths linked to this outbreak.

Epidemiologic evidence indicated that leafy greens were a likely source of this outbreak, but there was not enough information to determine a specific type or produce.

As of June 13, 2023, CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

Advice to consumers

DHS and CDC urge people to take the following steps:

• Stay healthy and prevent Listeria
  • People aged 65 and older, pregnant people and their newborns, and people who have weakened immune systems are at a higher risk of becoming sick from Listeria.
  • Learn about which foods are more likely to contain Listeria and steps to take to prevent illness.
  • Stay informed on food recalls and outbreaks to avoid getting sick.
• Prepare leafy greens safely
  • Wash your hands, utensils, and food preparation surfaces before and after preparing leafy greens.
  • Clean leafy greens before eating or cutting them:
    • Discard outer leaves on whole heads of lettuce. Discard any torn or bruised leaves.
    • Use your hands to gently rub the surface of the leaves as you rinse them under running water, then dry leaves with a clean cloth or paper towel.
    • If the label on a leafy greens package says “ready to eat,” “triple washed,” or “no washing necessary,” you don’t need to wash the greens.
  • Keep leafy greens separate from raw meat, poultry, and seafood. These can contain germs that can contaminate leafy greens.
  • Refrigerate leafy greens within two hours, within one hour if they have been exposed to temperatures above 90°F.

See the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

CDC: Listeria Outbreak CDC webpage

FDA: Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate multiple outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with backyard poultry.

• Between January 1 and September 25, 2023, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reported that 1,072 people, in 48 states and Puerto Rico were infected with one of the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• In Wisconsin since March 2023, 41 people were infected with one of the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• Among Wisconsinites with infections linked to the national outbreak:
  • Case patients resided in 31 counties across the state.
  • Seven infections resulted in hospitalization. No deaths were reported.
  • Case patients range in age from under 1 year to 75 years, with an average age of 32 years.

CDC ended the annual investigation of outbreaks linked to backyard poultry on October 19, 2023. Outbreaks of Salmonella linked to backyard poultry occur every year in the U.S., including in Wisconsin residents. Many of these infections are preventable.

• Poultry, including healthy and clean backyard poultry, can have Salmonella germs in their poop and on their bodies (feathers, feet, and beaks). The germs can easily spread to their cages, coops, eggs, and equipment used to care for them. People can get sick from Salmonella if they touch the birds or anything in their environment and then touch their mouth or food before washing their hands.
• Children younger than 5 years are more likely to get sick with Salmonella because their immune systems are still developing. They also are more likely to put their fingers or other items with germs into their mouths.

People who own or have contact with poultry can take these steps to reduce the risk of becoming ill with salmonellosis:

• Always wash your hands after touching backyard poultry, their eggs, or anything within the areas in which they live or roam.
• Don’t kiss or snuggle backyard poultry, and don’t eat or drink around them.
• Supervise kids around flocks and don’t let children younger than 5 years touch chicks, ducklings, or other backyard poultry.
• Handle eggs safely.
• Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these severe symptoms:
  • Diarrhea and a fever higher than 102°F
  • Diarrhea for more than three days that is not improving
  • Bloody stools
  • Prolonged vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down
  • Signs of dehydration, such as:
    • Making very little urine
    • Dry mouth and throat
    • Dizziness when standing up

For more information about how to reduce your risk of getting sick:

• See our Backyard Poultry flyer, P-01788 (PDF), for more information about how to prevent these infections.
• View CDC’s videos Got a backyard flock? Here’s how to prevent Salmonella, CDC Coops: Episode 1: Doja Chick, and CDC Coops: Episode 2: Chick Inn.
• Information about backyard poultry can also be found at the DHS backyard poultry webpage.

See the CDC webpage for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

CDC: Salmonella Outbreaks Linked to Backyard Poultry

In recent weeks, the number of cases of cyclosporiasis cases being reported has increased across Wisconsin. Each summer, the United States typically experiences an increase in cyclosporiasis associated with produce imported from other countries where the Cyclospora parasite is common. Outbreaks in recent years have been associated with fresh, raw produce such as leafy greens and salads, cilantro, basil, berries, and vegetable trays. People can also become infected when they travel to tropical or subtropical countries where the parasite is common and consume contaminated food or water.

At this time, it is unclear if the increase in cases among people who do not report recent international travel is being caused by one common widely distributed food item or multiple possible sources associated with seasonal increases. To date, no Wisconsin residents have been linked to past or active outbreaks in other states.

As of July 28, 2023, 46 confirmed cases of cyclosporiasis in Wisconsin residents have been reported since June 1, 2023. This total includes both people who traveled internationally and domestically acquired infections.

2023 Wisconsin Outbreak Investigations: None currently.

Recall information: None currently.

Advice to consumers

The Department of Health Services (DHS) and CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) urge people to take the following steps:

• Handle fruits and vegetables safely:
  • Wash your hands, utensils, and food preparation surfaces before and after handling and preparing raw produce.
  • Rinse all fruits and vegetables thoroughly under running water. use a clean produce brush to scrub firmer produce. Produce that is labeled "prewashed" does not need to be washed again. Cut away any damaged or bruised areas on produce before preparing and eating.
  • Refrigerate produce as soon as possible or within two hours.
  • Cook produce when appropriate.

See the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC webpages for more information and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

CDC: Parasites - Cyclosporiasis (Cyclospora Infection)

FDA: Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is advising food retailers and consumers to dispose of specific brands of applesauce containing cinnamon following a nationwide recall related to several brands of cinnamon applesauce puree pouches. These products may contain harmful levels of lead.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a recall for the following brands of applesauce puree that contain cinnamon:

• WanaBana Apple Cinnamon Fruit Puree pouches
• Schnucks cinnamon-flavored applesauce pouches
• Schnucks applesauce variety pack
• Weis cinnamon applesauce pouches

Multiple cases of lead poisoning have already been identified in several states, including three suspected cases in Wisconsin that are being investigated, due to children eating one of these products. A child has lead poisoning when their blood lead level measures greater than or equal to 3.5 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL).

Parents and caregivers should have children tested for elevated blood levels if they ate applesauce products included in the recall.

Stores that sold the recalled products

• WanaBana apple cinnamon fruit puree pouches are sold nationally and are available through multiple retailers including Amazon, Dollar Tree, and other online outlets.
• Schnucks-brand cinnamon-flavored applesauce pouches and variety pack are sold at Schnucks and Eatwell Markets grocery stores.
• Weis-brand cinnamon applesauce pouches are sold at Weis grocery stores.

To learn more about blood lead testing, talk to your health care provider or your local health department.

Consumers and health care providers can monitor updates about this recall on the FDA Public Health Advisories from Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks webpage, or on the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate multiple outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with live backyard poultry.

• Between February 12 and October 18, 2022, the CDC reported that 1,230 people from 49 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico were infected with one of the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• Children younger than 5 years accounted for 21% of the illnesses nationally.
• In Wisconsin since March 2022, 53 people were infected with one of the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• Among Wisconsinites with infections linked to the national outbreak:
  • Case patients resided in 39 counties or tribal lands across the state.
  • Seven infections resulted in hospitalization. No deaths were reported.
  • Infections occurred in people ranging from under 1 to 72 years of age, with an average age of 37 years. Children less than 5 years of age accounted for less than 10% of infections.

CDC ended the annual investigation of outbreaks linked to backyard poultry on November 10, 2022. Outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with backyard poultry occur every year in the U.S., including in Wisconsin residents. Many of these infections are preventable.

• Poultry, including healthy and clean backyard poultry, can have Salmonella germs in their poop and on their bodies (feathers, feet, and beaks). The germs can easily spread to their cages, coops, eggs, and equipment used to care for them. People can get sick from Salmonella if they touch the birds or anything in their environment and then touch their mouth or food before washing their hands.
• Children younger than 5 years are more likely to get sick with Salmonella because their immune systems are still developing. They also are more likely to put their fingers or other items with germs into their mouths.

People who own or have contact with poultry can take these steps to reduce the risk of becoming ill with salmonellosis:

• Always wash your hands after touching backyard poultry, their eggs, or anything within the areas in which they live or roam.
• Don’t kiss or snuggle backyard poultry, and don’t eat or drink around them.
• Supervise kids around flocks and don’t let children younger than 5 years touch chicks, ducklings, or other backyard poultry.
• Handle eggs safely.
• Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these severe symptoms:
  • Diarrhea and a fever higher than 102°F
  • Diarrhea for more than 3 days that is not improving
  • Bloody stools
  • Prolonged vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down
  • Signs of dehydration, such as:
    • Making very little urine
    • Dry mouth and throat
    • Dizziness when standing up

For more information about how to reduce your risk of getting sick:

• Please see our Backyard Poultry flyer, P-01788, (PDF) for more information about how to prevent these infections.
• Please view CDC’s video Got a backyard flock? Here’s how to prevent Salmonella.
• Information about backyard poultry can also be found at the DHS backyard poultry webpage.

See the CDC webpage for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

CDC: Salmonella Outbreaks Linked to Backyard Poultry

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP) and local health departments to investigate cases of Salmonella associated with shelled peas produced by Green Barn Farm Market. The shelled (loose) peas were sold at Green Barn Farm Market farm stands and farmers markets in Ripon, Green Bay, Madison, and Fond du Lac, and Green Valley Acres Farm farm stands in Neenah.

• As of October 1, 2022, 22 people were infected with two outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• Four people required hospitalization for their illnesses.

The source of contamination on the farm was not identified.

Resources

• DHS Salmonellosis Fact Sheet, P-42088 (Multiple Languages): A fact sheet with general information on salmonellosis, including symptoms, treatment, and prevention.
• Salmonella Information for Health Professionals: The CDC webpage covering clinical features of a Salmonella infection, diagnosis, treatment, and more.
• For free, confidential support finding a doctor or other health care provider near you, dial 211 or 877-947-2211, or text your ZIP code to 898-211. Find resources online at 211Wisconsin.org.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with state and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to pet bearded dragons.

• As of June 16, 2022 the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reports 56 people in 26 states have been infected. Fifteen people have been hospitalized. No deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had five laboratory-confirmed cases linked to this outbreak.
• On June 16, 2022 CDC declared this outbreak investigation closed.

Bearded dragons can carry Salmonella germs in their droppings even if they look healthy and clean. These germs can easily spread to their bodies and anything in the area where they live and roam.

You can get sick from touching your bearded dragon or anything in its environment and then touching your mouth and swallowing Salmonella germs.

DHS and CDC continue to urge people to take the following steps:

• Wash your hands.
  • Always wash hands thoroughly with soap and water right after touching or feeding your bearded dragon and after touching or cleaning the area where it lives and roams.
  • Adults should make sure young children are washing their hands.
• Play safely.
  • Don’t kiss or snuggle your bearded dragon, and don’t eat or drink around it. This can spread Salmonella germs to your mouth and make you sick.
  • Keep your bearded dragon out of your kitchen and other areas where you eat, store, or prepare food.
• Keep things clean.
  • Clean your bearded dragon supplies outside the house, if possible. These supplies may include its feeders, toys, and food and water containers.
  • If you clean the supplies indoors, don’t clean them in the kitchen or other areas where you eat or prepare food. Use a laundry sink or bathtub, and thoroughly clean and disinfect the area right after.

If you are thinking of getting a pet bearded dragon pick the right pet for your family.

Bearded dragons and other reptiles are not recommended for children younger than 5, adults aged 65 and older, and people with weakened immune systems. These people are more likely to get a serious illness from germs that reptiles can carry.

Call your health care provider right away if you have any of these severe Salmonella symptoms:

• Diarrhea and a fever higher than 102°F
• Diarrhea for more than three days that is not improving
• Bloody diarrhea
• So much vomiting that you cannot keep liquids down
• Signs of dehydration, such as:
• Not peeing much
• Dry mouth and throat
• Feeling dizzy when standing up

See the CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other foodborne outbreaks and recalls:

• CDC: Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Pet Bearded Dragons
• CDC: Safe Handling of Pet Reptiles and Amphibians
• CDC: Salmonella: Questions and Answers

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is working with state and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked to packaged salads produced by Dole.

• As of April 4, 2022, CDC reported, 18 people in 13 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Listeria. Sixteen people were hospitalized, and three deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin has one laboratory-confirmed death linked to this outbreak.

Product and recall information

Epidemiologic evidence and product traceback indicated that packaged salads produced by Dole was the source of this outbreak

On December 22, 2021, Dole recalled all Dole-branded and private label packaged salads processed at their Bessemer City, North Carolina, and Yuma, Arizona, facilities. Then on January 7, 2022, Dole recalled additional products containing iceberg lettuce harvested by the contaminated harvesting equipment. Recalled products are past their shelf life and should no longer be available in stores.

As of April 4, 2022, CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

Resources

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other foodborne outbreaks and recalls:

• CDC: Listeria Outbreak Linked to Packaged Salads Produced by Dole
• FDA: Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks
• FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Listeria monocytogenes: Dole Packaged Salad (December 2021)
• FDA: December 22, 2021, Recall Information
• FDA: January 7, 2022, Recall Information
• CDC: Listeria: Questions and Answers

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), along with the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), are investigating consumer complaints of infant illness received from September 20, 2021, to January 11, 2022, related to powdered infant formula products from the Abbott Nutrition facility in Sturgis, MI.

All of the cases are reported to have consumed powdered infant formula produced at this facility. These complaints include four reports of Cronobacter sakazakii infections. All four cases related to these complaints were hospitalized, and Cronobacter infection may have contributed to two deaths.

No Wisconsin cases of Cronobacter sakazakii linked to recalled powdered infant formula have been identified at this time.

As of March 11, 2022, the Salmonella Newport illness previously included in this investigation of complaints and illnesses has been removed. After further investigation, the FDA has determined that there is not enough information to definitively link this illness to powdered infant formula. CDC confirmed that this single Salmonella illness is not linked to an outbreak.

As of May 24, 2022, CDC declared this investigation to be closed.

Product and recall information

See the FDA recall.

The FDA advises consumers not to use recalled Similac, Alimentum or EleCare (including EleCare Jr.) powdered infant formulas. Recalled products can be identified by the 7- to 9-digit code and expiration date on the bottom of the package (see image below). Products are included in the recall if they have all three items below:

• The first two digits of the code are 22 through 37, and
• The code on the container contains K8, SH, or Z2, and
• The expiration date is 4-1-2022 (APR 2022) or later.

In addition to products described above, Abbott Nutrition has recalled Similac PM 60/40 with a lot code 27032K80 (can) / 27032K800 (case). At this time Similac PM 60/40 with lot code 27032K80 (can) / 27032K800 (case) are the only type and lots of this specialty formula being recalled.

Additional recall information is available on the FDA website. Parents can also enter their product lot code on the company’s website to check if it is part of the recall. Do not feed infants recalled powdered formula.

Information for parents

Do not feed your baby any recalled powdered formula.

• If you feed your baby with other types of Similac PM 60/40 powdered formula:
  • Check for the lot code 27032K800 that is included in the expanded recall.
  • At this time, Similac PM 60/40 with lot code 27032K80 (can) / 27032K800 (case) is the only type and lot of this specialty formula being recalled.
  • To find out if the product you have is included in this recall, review product lot code on the bottom of the package and enter it on Abbott Nutrition’s website.
• If you feed your baby with other types of Similac, Alimentum, or EleCare powdered formula:
  • Check to see if your powdered formula is recalled using one of these three ways:
    • Compare the lot code and use-by date on the bottom of the package to the recall information.
    • Visit Abbott Nutrition’s website and type in the code on the bottom of the package.
    • Call 1-800-986-8540 and follow the instructions provided.
• If you get infant formula through Wisconsin Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program, do not throw the formula out.
  • Exchange the recalled formula at the store if unaffected product is available. Stores may be limiting the number of cans you can exchange. Stores may have removed all formula to sort out those affected by the recall and will replace soon.
  • If a replacement for recalled formula is not available at the store, do not leave the recalled formula at the store or discard it:
    • Contact your local WIC office
    • Complete the Similac recall process at www.similacrecall.com or call 1-800-986-8540
    • Use FoodShare or other means to purchase formula
  • For more information from Wisconsin WIC, please visit their page.
• If you have any recalled powdered formula, immediately stop feeding it to your baby and return it for a refund at the store where you bought it. You can also return it to Abbott Nutrition.
• If you can’t find the code on the powdered formula package, do not use it.
• Contact your baby’s health care provider if:
  • Your baby has symptoms of Cronobacter illness (fever and poor feeding, excessive crying, or very low energy).
  • Your regular formula is not available, and you need recommendations on other ways to feed your baby.

Please review the links below for more information about the recall of powdered infant formula due to potential bacterial contamination, including Cronobacter sakazakii.

• WI DHS WIC Program Recall Update
• Abbott Recall Notice
• FDA Investigation Announcement
• CDC Powdered Infant Formula Investigation
• CDC Information on Cronobacter Infection and Infants

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local health departments, the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Oranienburg infections linked to the consumption of onions.

• According to the CDC, 1,040 people in 39 states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella. Two-hundred sixty people were hospitalized and no deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had 31 laboratory-confirmed cases linked to this outbreak, and at least 8 were hospitalized.

Multiple companies recalled onions in response to this outbreak. All recalled onions were supplied by ProSource Produce LLC and Keeler Family Farms and imported from the State of Chihuahua, Mexico, between July 1, 2021, and August 31, 2021. FDA’s website has a table with information about each company’s recall.

On February 2, 2022, the CDC declared this outbreak to be over, and recalled onions and products should no longer be available in grocery stores. However, onions have a long shelf-life and may still be in homes or freezers.

DHS and CDC continue to urge people to take the following steps:

• If you have recalled onions, do not eat them. Throw them away.
• Wash items and surfaces that may have touched the recalled product using hot soapy water or a dishwasher.

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

• CDC: Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Onions | CDC
• FDA: Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks
• FDA: Recalls, Market Withdrawals, & Safety Alerts
• FDA: 2021 Recalls of Food Products Associated with Onions from ProSource Produce LLC and Keeler Family Farms due to the Potential Risk of Salmonella
• CDC: Salmonella: Questions and Answers

Since May 14, 2022, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) has been monitoring new clusters of mpox in non-endemic countries throughout Europe, North America, and Australia. On June 30, 2022, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) identified the first case of confirmed orthopoxvirus, presumed to be mpox, associated with this outbreak in a Wisconsin resident. DHS is working with the CDC and other state and local partners to enact measures to prevent the spread of mpox.

For more information on this outbreak, visit our Mpox Data webpage.

The risk of widespread transmission of mpox to the public is relatively low. People most at risk for mpox include:

• People who had close physical contact with a person who has mpox, such as household members or intimate partners.
• People who had close physical contact with a person who had a rash that looks like mpox.
• People who attended events or venues where mpox transmission has occurred.
• Gay, bisexual, or other men who have sex with men who had multiple sexual partners in the past 14 days.

DHS and CDC urge all Wisconsinites to take the following steps:

• Know the symptoms and risk factors of mpox.
• Avoid skin-to-skin contact with individuals who are showing a rash or skin sores. Don’t touch the rash or scabs, and don’t kiss, hug, cuddle, have sex, or share items, such as eating utensils or bedding with someone with mpox.
• In areas where mpox is spreading, participating in activities with close, personal, skin-to-skin contact may pose a higher risk of exposure.
• If you were recently exposed to the virus, contact a doctor or nurse to talk about whether you need a vaccine to prevent disease. Monitor your health for fever, chills, swollen lymph nodes and new, unexplained rashes and contact a health care provider if one occurs. If you become ill, avoid contact with others until you receive health care.
• If you are sick with mpox, isolate at home until the rash has fully resolved, the scabs have fallen off, and a fresh layer of skin has formed.

Resources

• World Health Organization: Mpox
• Wisconsin DHS Health Alert #44: Mpox: Recommendations for Detection and Reporting
• Wisconsin DHS Health Alert #46: Mpox Detected in Wisconsin Resident
• Wisconsin DHS Health Alert #47: Expanded Mpox Testing Capacity

The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) is working with state and local health departments to identify children with hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) of unknown cause. From November 2021 to February 2022, health care providers at a large children’s hospital in Alabama identified nine children experiencing significant liver injury, including three with acute liver failure. All nine children tested positive for adenovirus and those subtyped identified Adenovirus 41. All nine children were previously healthy and had no risk factors for hepatitis. The children were from different parts of the state and had no known contact with each other or common exposures prior to infection.

Since being notified of the cluster of cases in Alabama by the CDC, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is now investigating several past cases of hepatitis of unknown cause in Wisconsin children. Cases of hepatitis in children without known cause have also been detected in other parts of the United States and throughout the United Kingdom and Europe. According to a CDC update on May 6, 2022, at least 109 children in 25 states have been identified in the Unites States as part of the cluster of cases. Overall, at least 228 probable cases in 20 countries have been identified, according to the World Health Organization

As of May 12, 2022, the cause of this cluster of hepatitis cases is still unknown. However, it is important to note the virus that causes COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccines have been ruled out as possible causes. The median age of children with hepatitis of unknown cause in the U.S. is two years and children under five years are not yet eligible for COVID-19 vaccination. It is also unclear whether the number of children being diagnosed with hepatitis is increasing or if these cases can be attributed to improvements in hepatitis surveillance.

About hepatitis

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver that can be caused by viral infections, alcohol use, toxins, medications, and certain other medical conditions. The most common causes of viral hepatitis in the United States, the hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C viruses, have all been ruled out as a likely cause. Signs and symptoms of hepatitis include:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Dark Urine
• Light-colored stools
• Join pain
• Jaundice

About adenovirus 41

Adenovirus type 41 is a common cause of diarrhea, vomiting, and fever in children. In some cases, it can also cause respiratory symptoms. There have been reports of hepatitis in children with weakened immune systems who have been infected with adenovirus type 41. However, adenovirus type 41 is not known to cause hepatitis in healthy children. While adenovirus type 41 has been detected in some children with unknown hepatitis, it has not been determined to be the cause of this cluster of cases at this time.

Recommendations

Contact your child’s health care provider if you have questions about your child’s health. DHS recommends parents with children who are concerned about hepatitis to:

• Be aware of symptoms of liver inflammation
• Keep children up to date on all recommended vaccinations
• Take everyday steps to keep your child healthy:
  • Encourage hand washing
  • Avoid sick people
  • Cover coughs and sneezes, and
  • Avoid touching the eyes, nose, or mouth.

Resources

• HAN Archive - 00465 | Health Alert Network (HAN) (cdc.gov)
• Wisconsin DHS Health Alert #42: Recommendations for Adenovirus Testing and Reporting of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology (govdelivery.com)
• Viral Hepatitis Infection | Wisconsin Department of Health Services
• Adenovirus | Wisconsin Department of Health Services
• Multi-Country – Acute, severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children (who.int)

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspective Service (APHIS) continues to detect highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) in U.S wild birds and commercial poultry farms (domestic birds).

HPAI is a serious disease that is highly contagious and often fatal to domestic birds including chickens, ducks, and turkeys. It can be spread by contact with infected animals or the premise where the animals are housed, equipment used on the premise with infected animals, and clothing worn by people working with infected animals.

HPAI can spread from animals to people and cause serious illness and even death. People who have gotten sick with HPAI have been in direct contact with infected animals or their premise.

As of September 15, 2022, 43 states have confirmed cases of HPAI in wild birds and 39 states have detected HPAI in poultry farms as a result of this outbreak. The most recent case in Wisconsin was detected on August 31, 2022, in a backyard flock in Washington County. This is the first case of HPAI detected in Wisconsin in domestic poultry since May 2022. Federal, state, and local agencies are working together to help stop the spread of HPAI by quarantining affected premises.

According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ), the current HPAI outbreak continues to pose a low risk to general community members. HPAI viruses also do not pose a food safety risk. Properly cooking poultry and eggs to the recommended internal temperature of 165˚F kills HPAI viruses. It is not safe to drink unpasteurized (raw) milk.

Wild birds can become infected with HPAI and may show no signs of infection. When the wild birds migrate, they have the potential to spread HPAI to other birds and animals. On May 13, 2022, The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) confirmed that wild red fox kits in Wisconsin tested positive for a strain of HPAI. Additional cases have also been confirmed in other wild mammals and cattle, including bobcats, skunks, bears, cows, and seals. To prevent the spread of HPAI and other diseases to people and domestic animals, Wisconsinites and their pets should avoid touching sick or injured wild animals. It is important to avoid any wild animal that is behaving abnormally. Abnormal behavior includes:

• Pacing or walking in circles,
• Unbalanced posture, or
• Head and body tremors.

If you or your pet had direct or close contact with a sick or wild animal, contact your local public health department or health care provider (or your pet’s veterinarian). Even with the detection HPAI in Wisconsin mammals, DHS and the CDC still consider the human risk assessment for the public as low.

About HPAI in people

HPAI viruses are a form of avian influenza that primarily affects birds. HPAI can also affect other animals such as cattle. In rare circumstances, HPAI viruses can infect humans when prolonged close contact with infected animals occurs. No widespread person-person transmission of HPAI viruses has occurred. The sporadic HPAI cases that have occurred have ranged in severity from no symptoms to mild illness to severe disease that resulted in death.

Recommendations for the public

Viruses that spread from animals to people have the potential to mutate or combine with human influenza viruses to become more infectious variants. This is why public health measures to prevent the spread of HPAI to people are so important.

• Everyone 6 months and older should get the flu vaccine every year to protect themselves against seasonal flu.
• As a general precaution, people should avoid close contact with wild and domestic animals. People who have had contact with infected or sick birds or other infected animals should monitor for flu-like symptoms, seek medical care if they feel sick, and tell their health care provider that they had contact with infected animals.
• Anyone involved in poultry production, even those with small backyard flocks, should evaluate their biosecurity measures to assure the health of their flock.
• Whenever possible, people should avoid direct contact with wild animals and observe them only from a distance. People should also avoid touching any wild animals showing signs of HPAI and not touch dead animals or wildlife with their bare hands. If touching a dead animals is necessary, wear gloves or use a plastic bag to put it in the garbage. People should wash their hands with soap and water and throw away any gloves after disposing of dead animals or wildlife. Contact the DNR to report any sick or dead wildlife.

Additional resources

• Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus | Wisconsin Department of Health Services
• Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) Home Avian Influenza (wi.gov)
• Information on Bird Flu | Avian Influenza (Flu) (cdc.gov)
• Bird Flu Current Situation Summary | Avian Influenza (Flu) (cdc.gov)
• March 7, 2022 Update: H5N1 Bird Flu Poses Low Risk to the Public | Avian Influenza (Flu) (cdc.gov)
• USDA APHIS | 2022 Detections of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate multiple outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with live backyard poultry.

• As of November 18, 2021, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reported that 1,135 people, in 48 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico were infected with one of the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• Children younger than 5 years accounted for 24% of the illnesses nationally.
• In Wisconsin since March 2021, 73 people were infected with one of the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
• Among Wisconsinites with infections linked to the national outbreak:
  • Cases resided in 37 counties across the state.
  • 27% (n=20) of infections resulted in hospitalization. No deaths were reported.
  • Infections occurred in people ranging from 0 to 86 years of age, with the average age of 37 years. Children less than 5 years of age accounted for 23% of infections.

CDC ended the investigation of outbreaks linked to backyard poultry on November 18, 2021. Outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with backyard poultry occur every year in the U.S., including in Wisconsin residents. Many of these infections are preventable.

• Poultry, including healthy and clean backyard poultry, can have Salmonella germs in their poop and on their bodies (feathers, feet, and beaks). The germs can easily spread to their cages, coops, eggs, and equipment used to care for them. People can get sick from Salmonella if they touch the birds or anything in their environment and then touch their mouth or food before washing their hands.
• Children younger than 5 years are more likely to get sick with Salmonella because their immune systems are still developing. They also are more likely to put their fingers or other items with germs into their mouths.

Quick tips for what backyard owners should do:

• Always wash your hands after touching backyard poultry, their eggs, or anything within the areas in which they live or roam.
• Don’t kiss or snuggle backyard poultry, and don’t eat or drink around them.
• Supervise kids around flocks and don’t let children younger than 5 years touch chicks, ducklings, or other backyard poultry.
• Handle eggs safely.
• Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these severe symptoms:
  • Diarrhea and a fever higher than 102°F
  • Diarrhea for more than three days that is not improving
  • Bloody stools
  • Prolonged vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down
  • Signs of dehydration, such as:
    • Making very little urine
    • Dry mouth and throat
    • Dizziness when standing up

For more information about how to reduce your risk of getting sick:

• See our Backyard Poultry flyer, P-01788 (PDF), for more information about how to prevent these infections.
• View CDC’s video Got a backyard flock? Here’s how to prevent Salmonella.
• Information about backyard poultry can also be found at the DHS backyard poultry webpage.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local health departments, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Infantis infections linked to the consumption of Fratelli Beretta brand Italian-style meats.

• According to the CDC, 40 people in 17 states were infected with the outbreak strains of Salmonella. Twelve people were hospitalized and no deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had one laboratory-confirmed case linked to this outbreak.

Information collected during this investigation indicated that Fratelli Beretta brand prepackaged uncured antipasto trays were the likely source of this outbreak.

On August 27, 2021, Fratelli Beretta voluntarily recalled an uncured antipasto product. Packaging details of the recalled products:

• Fratelli Beretta Uncured Antipasto prosciutto, soppressata, Milano salami and coppa 24-oz trays containing two 12-oz packages with “best by” dates on or before February 11, 2022 (UPC code 073541305316)
• Have the establishment number “EST. 7543B” inside the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s mark of inspection. See recall notice for more details.

On October 26, 2021, the CDC declared this outbreak to be over. However, because of the long shelf life of these products, the CDC continues to advise people not to eat any Fratelli Beretta brand Uncured Antipasto trays with “best by” dates on or before February 11, 2022.

DHS and CDC urge people to take the following steps:

• Check your home for the antipasto trays described in this health advisory. Throw any remaining product away, even if some of it has been eaten and no one has gotten sick.
• If you don’t know the brand of prepackaged Italian-style meats you have at home, don’t eat them and throw them away.
• Wash items, containers, and surfaces that may have touched the products using hot soapy water or a dishwasher.

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

CDC: Salmonella: Questions and Answer

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local health departments, the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to the consumption of pre-packaged salad greens produced by BrightFarms of Rochelle, IL.

• According to the CDC, 31 people in four states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium. Four people were hospitalized and no deaths were reported.
• In Wisconsin, 10 laboratory-confirmed cases were linked to this outbreak.

Information collected during this investigation indicated that BrightFarms pre-packaged salad greens were the likely source of this outbreak.

On July 15, 2021 BrightFarms voluntarily recalled packaged salad greens produced in its Rochelle, Illinois greenhouse farm. BrightFarms expanded this voluntary recall on July 21 and 28, 2021.

On October 6, 2021, the CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

See these FDA webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

• FDA: BrightFarms Announces Voluntary Recall of Packaged Salad Greens Sold in Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Indiana
• FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella – BrightFarms Packaged Salad Greens

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) and the Monroe County Health Department are working with federal partners at Fort McCoy to investigate an outbreak of measles among people who recently traveled from Afghanistan during the United States government’s emergency evacuation efforts. To date, all cases have been identified among people currently based at Fort McCoy. At the time of this update, there is no evidence of community spread in Wisconsin beyond Fort McCoy.

• As of October 14, 2021, a total of 22 cases of measles has been confirmed.
• People diagnosed with measles at Fort McCoy have ranged in age from 4 months to 26 years old and 14 (64%) have required treatment at area hospitals.
• This information will be updated every Thursday at 2 p.m.

Most Wisconsinites are vaccinated against measles as children, which provides lifetime immunity. The risk of measles transmission in the surrounding communities is considered to be low at this time. However, people who have never been vaccinated and are exposed to a person with measles can spread the virus to others in the community, leading to outbreaks. The best way to prevent measles is to get vaccinated with the Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine. Two doses of MMR vaccine are about 97% effective at preventing measles; one dose is about 93% effective. Wisconsin residents can check their vaccination status in the Wisconsin Immunization Registry (WIR).

Local health departments can provide MMR vaccine to uninsured adults through the Vaccines for Adults program, based on vaccine ability and capacity. The Wisconsin Vaccines for Children Program covers the cost of vaccines for eligible children.

In order to prevent further spread to Fort McCoy and surrounding communities, federal agencies coordinating the response offered vaccination against measles and other communicable disease to all Afghan evacuees in mid-September. Staff or visitors who have been to Fort McCoy and had contact with evacuees or the living areas of evacuees may be at increased risk for measles. DHS and the Monroe County Health Department are working closely with federal partners on base to offer vaccination to these higher risk groups in order to prevent spread.

Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus. The virus can be spread through the air and through direct contact with persons who are infected. Unvaccinated young children and other non-immune adults are at highest risk of serious disease from measles. Symptoms of measles generally start 10-12 days after exposure to the virus and include:

• Runny nose
• High fever (may be greater than 104 F)
• Tiredness
• Cough
• Red, watery eyes, or conjunctivitis (“pink eye”)
• A red rash with raised bumps that starts at the hairline and moves to the arms and legs three to five days after symptoms begin

For a full description of measles, see the DHS measles fact sheet, P-42174.

In general, people born before 1957 are considered immune. All other adults without laboratory evidence of immunity should have at least one dose of measles-containing vaccine, and children should have two doses. See the DHS measles webpage for more information about measles and recommended vaccination schedules.

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis infections linked to peaches.

• CDC reported 101 people in 17 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Enteritidis. Twenty-eight people were hospitalized and no deaths were reported.
• Wisconsin had six laboratory-confirmed cases linked to this outbreak. One case was hospitalized.

Epidemiologic and traceback evidence indicated that peaches packed or supplied by Prima Wawona or Wawona Packing Company were the likely source of this outbreak.

On August 22, 2020, Prima Wawona recalled bagged and bulk, or loose, peaches that they supplied to retailers nationwide. See FDA’s notice for a list of recalled products. Recalled products are past their shelf life and should no longer be available in stores.

As of October 16, 2020, CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

• FDA: Russ Davis Wholesale Recalls Peaches and Peach Salsa Because of Possible Health Risk
• FDA: Prima® Wawona Recalls Bulk/Loose and Bagged Peaches Due to Possible Salmonella Risk
• Target product recalls
• ALDI Voluntarily Recalls Assorted Peaches from Wawona Packing Company LLC Due to Possible Salmonella Enteritidis Contamination

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Newport infections linked to the consumption of onions.

• As of October 8, 2020, CDC reported that 1,127 people in 48 states were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Newport. There were 167 people hospitalizations and no deaths.
• Wisconsin had 11 laboratory-confirmed cases linked to this outbreak. Two cases were hospitalized.

Epidemiologic and traceback evidence showed that red onions from Thomson International Inc. were the likely source of this outbreak. Other onion types (such as white, yellow, or sweet yellow) were also likely to be contaminated because the onions were grown and harvested together.

On August 1, 2020, Thomson International Inc. recalled all red, yellow, white, and sweet yellow onions because they may be contaminated with Salmonella. See FDA’s notice for a list of recalled products. Recalled products are past their shelf life and should no longer be available in stores.

As of October 8, 2020, CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

• CDC: Outbreak of Salmonella Newport Infections Linked to Onions
• FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella Newport: Red Onions (July 2020)

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) worked with local, state, and federal partners to investigate a multistate outbreak of cyclosporiasis infections linked to the consumption of bagged salad mix containing iceberg lettuce, carrots, and red cabbage produced by Fresh Express.

• As of September 23, 2020, CDC reported a total of 701 people with laboratory-confirmed Cyclospora infections associated with this outbreak have been reported from 13 states. 38 people have been hospitalized and no deaths have been reported.
• Wisconsin had 48 laboratory confirmed cases linked to this outbreak. One case was hospitalized.

Epidemiologic evidence and product traceback indicated that bagged salad mix containing iceberg lettuce, carrots, and red cabbage produced by Fresh Express was a likely source of this outbreak.

Fresh Express recalled Fresh Express brand and private label brand salad products produced at its Streamwood, IL facility that contained iceberg lettuce, red cabbage, and/or carrots on June 27, 2020. Recalled products are past their shelf life and should no longer be available in stores.

As of September 23, 2020, CDC declared this outbreak to be over.

See the FDA and CDC webpages for more information on this investigation, and to stay up to date on other food-borne outbreaks and recalls:

• FDA: Outbreak Investigation of Cyclospora: Bagged Salads (June 2020)
• CDC: Cyclosporiasis (Cyclospora Infection)

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), and local health departments worked with the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infections linked to Fresh Express Sunflower Crisp chopped salad kits.
  • According to the CDC, 10 people were infected with the outbreak strain of E. coli O157:H7 across five U.S. states (Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Georgia, and North Dakota).
  • Four people were hospitalized. One person developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a type of kidney failure. No deaths were reported.
  • In Wisconsin, three laboratory-confirmed cases were linked to this outbreak.
• ​​Information collected during the investigation indicated that Fresh Express Sunflower Crisp chopped salad kits were likely the source of the outbreak.​
  • This outbreak was caused by a different strain of E. coli O157:H7 than the outbreak linked to romaine lettuce from the Salinas Valley growing region in California.
  • Advice to consumers, restaurants, and retailers:
    • Contaminated Fresh Express Sunflower Crisp chopped salad kits that made people sick in this outbreak are past their shelf-life and should no longer be available. The affected salads had best-before dates up to and including December 7, 2019.
• Additional information can be found here: Wisconsin Department of Health Services - E. coli fact sheet, P-42158

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is working with local health departments, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and college and university health services directors in our state to track multiple outbreaks of respiratory illness caused by adenoviruses and to provide prevention information to students and staff.
• People usually get sick with adenoviruses when they spend time with large groups of people (for example, at universities, hospitals, or schools). There are over 50 different types of adenoviruses. Usually adenoviruses cause mild illness, but sometimes they can be serious. The types of symptoms you have depend on which type of adenovirus you have and the part of the body that the virus is affecting.
  • Adenoviruses most commonly cause respiratory illness, which can range from cold and flu-like symptoms to bronchitis and pneumonia.
  • Some adenoviruses can cause diarrhea or pink eye, and in rare cases, inflammation of the bladder or severe neurological disease.
  • Anyone can get sick from an adenovirus. People with a weakened immune system, or those who have lung or heart problems are more likely to become very sick from an adenovirus.
  • Antibiotics do not work against adenoviruses.
• There are a number of ways you can get an adenovirus:

1. Breathing in adenovirus from the air: someone with the virus coughs or sneezes and the virus gets into the air. It is then breathed in by someone around them.
2. Having direct contact with someone who has an adenovirus: touching or shaking hands with someone who has the virus on their skin and then touching your hands to your mouth, nose, or eyes.
3. Touching surfaces with adenovirus: touching a surface (for example, a door knob, counter top, or phone) with adenovirus on it and then touching your hands to mouth, nose, or eyes. NOTE: Adenoviruses are able to survive on surfaces for a long time. It is important to wash toys, towels, and other surfaces often to make sure it doesn't spread to others.
4. Having contact with poop: Some adenoviruses can spread through poop, for example, during diaper changing.
5. Having contact with water that has adenovirus: Adenoviruses can also spread through water, such as swimming pools, but this is less common.

Note:

• The best ways to prevent the spread of adenoviruses are to:
  • Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
  • Do not touch your eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands.
  • Do not have close contact with people who are sick.
• Additional information can be found at the following websites:
  • Wisconsin Department of Health Services: Adenovirus
  • CDC

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is working with local health departments, the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and consumer Protection (DATCP), the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multi-state outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infections linked to romaine lettuce.
  • As of December 19, 2019, the CDC reports that 138 people in 25 states are infected with the outbreak strain of STEC. There have been 72 people hospitalized and 13 cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a type of kidney failure. No deaths have been reported.
  • As of December 19, 2019, Wisconsin has 33 confirmed cases linked to this outbreak. Of these, 14 people have been hospitalized and two have developed HUS.
• Epidemiologic, laboratory, and traceback evidence collected so far shows that romaine lettuce from the Salinas, California, growing region is a likely source of this outbreak.
  • On November 21, 2019, a list of salad products were recalled after laboratory testing found the same strain of E. coli that was making people sick in Maryland in romaine lettuce harvested from the Salinas, California growing region.
  • On December 6, 2019, Wisconsin health officials found E. coli O157 in an unopened bag of chopped Fresh Express® brand Leafy Green Romaine salad from Salinas, California that was collected from an ill person’s home. On December 13, 2019, specialized laboratory testing called whole genome sequencing showed that the E. coli O157 strain found in the romaine matches the outbreak strain of E. coli that has made people in Wisconsin and other states sick.
  • While E. coli O157 was found in a bag of chopped Fresh Express® brand romaine, not all ill people in Wisconsin included in this outbreak report eating Fresh Express® brand romaine. No single brand, product, or type of romaine lettuce has been reported by all ill individuals. The investigation is ongoing to determine the source of contamination and if additional products are linked to illness.
• Wisconsin DHS, the CDC, and FDA are advising people not to eat, sell, or serve any romaine lettuce harvested from Salinas, California, until more information is available.
• While certain romaine-containing products were recalled, many romaine lettuce and romaine-containing products are still available on store shelves.
• Advice to Consumers, Retailers, and Restaurants:
  • Most romaine lettuce products are labeled with a harvest location showing where they were grown. This advice includes all types of romaine lettuce harvested from Salinas, California, such as whole heads of romaine, hearts of romaine, and packages of precut lettuce and salad mixes which contain romaine, including baby romaine, spring mix, and Caesar salad.
  • Restaurants and retailers should check the label on bags or boxes of romaine lettuce, or ask their suppliers about the source of their romaine lettuce.
  • Suppliers, distributors, and others in the supply chain should not ship or sell romaine harvested in Salinas, California.
• If you have romaine lettuce at home:
  • If the packaging has “Salinas” on the label in any form (whether alone or with the name of another location), don’t eat it, and throw it away.
  • If it isn’t labeled with a growing region, don’t eat it, and throw it away.
  • If you don’t know if the lettuce is romaine or whether a salad mix contains romaine, don’t eat it, and throw it away.
  • Wash and sanitize drawers or shelves in refrigerators where romaine lettuce was stored. Follow these five steps to clean your refrigerator (PDF).
• If you are buying romaine lettuce at a store:
  • If the packaging has “Salinas” on the label in any form (whether alone or with the name of another location), don’t buy it.
  • If it isn’t labeled with a growing region, don’t buy it.
  • If the packaging has “Salinas” on the label in any form (whether alone or with the name of another location), don’t sell or serve it.
  • If it isn’t labeled with a growing region, don’t sell or serve it.
• About Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC):
  • People with STEC usually get sick with bloody diarrhea and stomach cramps three to four days after eating food contaminated with the germ. Contact your doctor if you think you ate romaine lettuce from the Salinas region of California and are having any symptoms.
  • Remember to wash your fresh fruits and vegetables before eating them, even if they have been “pre-washed.”
• Additional information can be found here: Department of Health Services: STEC fact sheet, P-42158

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is working with the Buffalo County Health Department, the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), and the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) regarding a confirmed case of hepatitis A virus infection in a food handler.
  • A food handler with hepatitis A infection is concerning because of the potential for food contamination.
  • This individual worked at the Mondovi Hansen’s IGA store deli while they were able to spread Hepatitis A, from October 28 through November 17, 2019.
  • Health officials are advising people who shopped at the Mondovi Hansen’s IGA during October 28 and November 17, 2019 and ate produce or deli items to call their doctor. They should ask about their risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus and options for vaccination (if not already vaccinated).
  • There is no risk of exposure outside of these dates.
• Symptoms of hepatitis A infection can include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dark urine, clay-colored stool, fever, chills, and yellow skin and eyes (jaundice).
  • Hepatitis A symptoms occur between 15 and 50 days after exposure and can last for several weeks to months. Most people recover from hepatitis A on their own, but occasionally patients may need to be hospitalized. Hepatitis A is rarely fatal.
  • Antibiotics do not work against hepatitis A virus.
• The best ways to prevent the spread of hepatitis A virus are:
  • Get the hepatitis A vaccine. A single shot of the hepatitis A vaccine can help prevent an infection if given within two weeks of being exposed to hepatitis A virus.
  • Always wash your hands with soap and water after using the bathroom or changing a diaper. Hand sanitizer is NOT effective against Hepatitis A virus.
  • Thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water before and during food preparation and before eating food.
• Additional information can be found on the Wisconsin Department of Health Services: Hepatitis A

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is working with local health departments, CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of hepatitis A that may be linked to fresh, non-organic blackberries. These blackberries were sold at Fresh Thyme Farmers Market and Woodman's Market stores during September 9 through September 30, 2019.
• A single, common supplier of these berries has not been identified and no recall has been issued at this time.
  • Ill patients reported eating fresh, non-organic blackberries from Fresh Thyme Farmers Market or Woodman's Market stores in Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, and Wisconsin.
  • As of December 11, 2019, the CDC reports that 18 people in six states are infected with the outbreak strains of hepatitis A.
  • Wisconsin has five confirmed cases linked to this outbreak. Three cases in Wisconsin have been hospitalized.
  • Ill patients reported their illnesses starting between October 15 and November 5, 2019.
• If you purchased any blackberries from a Fresh Thyme or Woodman's location between September 9 and September 30, 2019, do not eat them and throw them away.
  • Check your freezer for these blackberries. If you froze them to eat later, do not eat them and throw them away.
  • If you ate any of these blackberries within the last two weeks and are not vaccinated against hepatitis A, contact your doctor or local health department to discuss vaccination options.
• Symptoms of hepatitis A infection can include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dark urine, clay-colored stool, fever, chills, and yellow skin and eyes (jaundice).
  • Hepatitis A symptoms occur between 15 and 50 days after exposure and can last for several weeks to months. Most people recover from hepatitis A on their own, but occasionally patients may need to be hospitalized. Hepatitis A is rarely fatal.
  • Antibiotics do not work against hepatitis A virus.
• Additional information can be found on the Wisconsin Department of Health Services: Hepatitis A website.

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS), in collaboration with the La Crosse County Health Department, investigated an outbreak of salmonellosis associated with consuming beef tartare served at Restore Public House in La Crosse between July 10 and July 12, 2019.
• 35 restaurant patrons were interviewed during the investigation. Seven confirmed and 10 probable (ill but not tested) cases were linked to this outbreak.
• Restore Public House voluntarily removed the beef tartare dish from their menu once they were notified of the illnesses.
• See the DHS salmonellosis fact sheet, P-42088 (PDF) for more information on common symptoms of salmonellosis. If you have any symptoms of salmonellosis, please contact your doctor.
• Consumption of raw or undercooked meat, poultry, or eggs can increase your risk of foodborne illness. See the DHS food safety webpage for more information on safe food practices.
• Additional information can be found on the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website.

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) and local health departments worked with the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of salmonellosis linked to contact with pig ear dog treats.
  • 154 people in 34 states were infected with the outbreak strains of Salmonella.
  • 35 people were hospitalized, with no deaths reported. Children younger than 5 years accounted for 19% of illnesses.
  • In Wisconsin, four laboratory-confirmed cases were linked to this outbreak.
• CDC and FDA have dropped their warning to avoid buying or feeding any pig ear treats, except for treats that have been recalled. Consumers should not give recalled pig ears to their pets. Consumers should always wash their hands right after feeding any pig ear treats to their dogs.
  • Several companies recalled pig ear products because they might have been contaminated with Salmonella. No single supplier, distributor, or common brand of pig ear treats has been identified that could account for all the illnesses.
  • Details on pig ear products involved with the outbreak can be found on the FDA webpage.
• See the DHS salmonellosis fact sheet, P-42088, (PDF) for more information on common symptoms and treatment of salmonellosis. If you have any symptoms of salmonellosis, please contact your doctor.
• Additional information can be found on the FDA Contaminated Pig Ear Pet Treats Connected to Human Salmonella Infections investigation webpage.

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) and local health departments investigated an outbreak of salmonellosis linked to consuming food from Outpost Natural Food locations.
• On August 23, 2019, the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) and the City of Milwaukee Health Department suspended meat and food processing at Outpost Natural Foods located in Milwaukee at 2826 S. Kinnickinnic Ave. due to insanitary conditions. DATCP suspended the cooperative's meat establishment license and the City of Milwaukee suspended the cooperative's retail food processing activities.
• Insanitary conditions were discovered during a routine inspection and ready-to-eat products tested positive for Salmonella.
• Four people infected with the outbreak strains of Salmonella found at Outpost Natural Foods; three were available for interview and each reported consuming food from one of the Outpost Natural Food locations.
• Known patient onset dates ranged from March 20-May 6, 2019.
• All licenses have been re-instated and Outpost Natural Food is operating under Voluntary Compliance Agreement’s on each license.

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) and local health departments worked with the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) to investigate multiple outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with live backyard poultry in 2019.
  • During May – October 2019, the CDC reports that 1,134 people, in 49 states, were infected with an outbreak strain of Salmonella. Children younger than 5 years accounted for 21% of the illnesses.
  • In Wisconsin, 21 laboratory-confirmed cases of Salmonella were linked to the 2019 national backyard poultry outbreak.
• Outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to contact with backyard poultry happen every year in the U.S. Many of these infections are preventable.
  • Please see our Backyard Poultry flyer, P-01788 (PDF) for more information about how to prevent these infections.
  • Please view CDC’s video Got a backyard flock? Here’s how to prevent Salmonella.
• More information about the 2019 outbreak, and previous years’ live poultry associated outbreaks, can be found at CDC's webpage U.S. Outbreaks of Zoonotic Diseases Spread between Animals and People.
• More information about backyard poultry can be found at the DHS backyard poultry webpage.

• The Department of Health Services (DHS), the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP), Minnesota Department of Health and local health departments worked with the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multi-state outbreak of salmonellosis linked to consumption of certain Del Monte vegetable trays.
• All ill patients associated with this outbreak, four in Wisconsin and one in Minnesota, reported eating a Del Monte vegetable tray purchased from a Wisconsin or Minnesota Kwik Trip location before they became ill.
• The Del Monte vegetable trays associated with the investigation contain broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, and dill dip. It is not likely that the trays that made people sick are still on the market or still in people’s homes.
• See the DHS salmonellosis fact sheet, P-42088, for more information on common symptoms and treatment of salmonellosis.
• Additional information can be found on the CDC website.

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) in collaboration with the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP), the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) alerted Wisconsin consumers to a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Carrau infections linked to eating pre-cut melons sold by Caito Foods LLC.
• One case was reported in Wisconsin and 137 people infected with the Salmonella strain were reported in nine other states.
• On April 12, 2019, Caito Foods LLC recalled pre-cut watermelon, honeydew melon, cantaloupe, and pre-cut fruit medley products containing one of these melons supplied at the Caito Foods LLC facility in Indianapolis, Indiana.

• The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) and local health departments investigated four cases of salmonellosis affecting Wisconsin residents with the same strain (DNA fingerprint) of Salmonella.
• All four of the Wisconsin patients were linked to Butterball raw ground turkey. Testing of leftover raw ground turkey received by the patients was positive for the outbreak strain of Salmonella.
• These items were shipped to institutional and retail locations nationwide. The affected ground turkey product may have been distributed through food pantries.
• As a result of this outbreak, Butterball recalled 78,164 pounds of raw ground turkey products. A complete list of products included in the recall can be found in the U.S. Department of Agriculture Recall notice. The products subject to recall bear establishment number “EST. P-7345” inside the USDA mark of inspection.